MySQL 多表关联一对多查询取最新的一条数据
MySQL 多表关联一对多查询取最新的一条数据遇到的问题多表关联一对多查询取最新的一条数据,数据出现重复由于历史原因,表结构设计不合理;产品告诉我说需要导出客户信息数据,需要导出客户的 所属行业,纳税性质 数据;但是这两个字段却在订单表里面,每次客户下单都会要求客户填写;由此可知,客户数据和订单数据是一对多的关系;那这样的话,问题就来了,我到底以订单中的哪一条数据为准呢?经过协商后一致同意...
MySQL 多表关联一对多查询取最新的一条数据
遇到的问题
多表关联一对多查询取最新的一条数据,数据出现重复
由于历史原因,表结构设计不合理;产品告诉我说需要导出客户信息数据,需要导出客户的 所属行业,纳税性质 数据;但是这两个字段却在订单表里面,每次客户下单都会要求客户填写;由此可知,客户数据和订单数据是一对多的关系;那这样的话,问题就来了,我到底以订单中的哪一条数据为准呢?经过协商后一致同意以最新的一条数据为准;
数据测试初始化SQL脚本
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `customer`;
CREATE TABLE `customer` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT '客户ID',
`real_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户名字',
`create_time` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = UTF8 COMMENT '客户信息表';
-- DATA FOR TABLE customer
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7717194510959685632', '张三', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7718605481599623168', '李四', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7720804666226278400', '王五', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7720882041353961472', '刘六', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722233303626055680', '宝宝', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722233895811448832', '小宝', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722234507982700544', '大宝', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722234927631204352', '二宝', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722235550724423680', '小贱', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722235921488314368', '小明', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722238233975881728', '小黑', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722246644138409984', '小红', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722318634321346560', '阿狗', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722318674321346586', '阿娇', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`customer` (`id`, `real_name`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7722318974421546780', '阿猫', '2019-01-23 16:23:05');
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order_info`;
CREATE TABLE `order_info` (
`id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT '订单ID',
`industry` VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '所属行业',
`nature_tax` VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '纳税性质',
`customer_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL COMMENT '客户ID',
`create_time` DATETIME NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET = UTF8 COMMENT '订单信息表';
-- DATA FOR TABLE order_info
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700163609453207552', '餐饮酒店类', '小规模', '7717194510959685632', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700163609453207553', '餐饮酒店类', '小规模', '7717194510959685632', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700167995646615552', '高新技术', '一般纳税人', '7718605481599623168', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700167995646615553', '商贸', '一般纳税人', '7718605481599623168', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700193633216569344', '商贸', '一般纳税人', '7720804666226278400', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700193633216569345', '高新技术', '一般纳税人', '7720804666226278400', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700197875671179264', '餐饮酒店类', '一般纳税人', '7720882041353961472', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7700197875671179266', '餐饮酒店类', '一般纳税人', '7720882041353961472', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7703053372673171456', '高新技术', '小规模', '7722233303626055680', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7703053372673171457', '高新技术', '小规模', '7722233303626055680', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709742385262698496', '服务类', '一般纳税人', '7722233895811448832', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709742385262698498', '服务类', '一般纳税人', '7722233895811448832', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745055683780608', '高新技术', '小规模', '7722234507982700544', '2019-01-23 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745055683780609', '进出口', '小规模', '7722234507982700544', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745249439653888', '文化体育', '一般纳税人', '7722234927631204352', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745249439653889', '高新技术', '一般纳税人', '7722234927631204352', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745453266051072', '高新技术', '小规模', '7722235550724423680', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745453266051073', '文化体育', '小规模', '7722235550724423680', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745539848413184', '科技', '一般纳税人', '7722235921488314368', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745539848413185', '高新技术', '一般纳税人', '7722235921488314368', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745652603887616', '高新技术', '一般纳税人', '7722238233975881728', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745652603887617', '科技', '一般纳税人', '7722238233975881728', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745755528568832', '进出口', '一般纳税人', '7722246644138409984', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745755528568833', '教育咨询', '小规模', '7722246644138409984', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745892539047936', '教育咨询', '一般纳税人', '7722318634321346560', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709745892539047937', '进出口', '一般纳税人', '7722318634321346560', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746000127139840', '生产类', '小规模', '7722318674321346586', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746000127139841', '农业', '一般纳税人', '7722318674321346586', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746447445467136', '农业', '一般纳税人', '7722318974421546780', '2019-01-24 16:54:25');
INSERT INTO `demo`.`order_info` (`id`, `industry`, `nature_tax`, `customer_id`, `create_time`) VALUES ('7709746447445467137', '生产类', '小规模', '7722318974421546780', '2019-01-23 17:09:53');
- 按需求写的SQL语句:
SELECT
cr.id,
cr.real_name,
oi.industry,
oi.nature_tax
FROM
customer AS cr
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT a.industry, a.nature_tax, a.customer_id, a.create_time FROM order_info AS a
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT MAX(create_time) AS create_time, customer_id FROM order_info GROUP BY customer_id
) AS b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
WHERE a.create_time = b.create_time
) AS oi ON oi.customer_id = cr.id;
- 查询结果如下:
+---------------------+-----------+------------+------------+
| id | real_name | industry | nature_tax |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+------------+
| 7717194510959685632 | 张三 | 餐饮酒店类 | 小规模 |
| 7718605481599623168 | 李四 | 商贸 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7720804666226278400 | 王五 | 高新技术 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7720882041353961472 | 刘六 | 餐饮酒店类 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722233303626055680 | 宝宝 | 高新技术 | 小规模 |
| 7722233895811448832 | 小宝 | 服务类 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722234507982700544 | 大宝 | 进出口 | 小规模 |
| 7722234927631204352 | 二宝 | 文化体育 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722235550724423680 | 小贱 | 高新技术 | 小规模 |
| 7722235921488314368 | 小明 | 科技 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722238233975881728 | 小黑 | 高新技术 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722246644138409984 | 小红 | 进出口 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722318634321346560 | 阿狗 | 教育咨询 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722318674321346586 | 阿娇 | 生产类 | 小规模 |
| 7722318974421546780 | 阿猫 | 农业 | 一般纳税人 |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+------------+
15 rows in set (0.01 sec)
看到这里我笑了,这个任务算是完成了,终于不用加班了,哈哈哈哈哈!!!我以为问题终于解决了,没想到事与愿违,我以为只是我以为,仅此而已;不久后测试妹子告诉我说你的数据出现重复了,你快过来看下呢;
解决数据重复问题
什么也别问,什么也别管,先执行下边的SQL,我不会告诉你这是为了重现重复数据问题的;
UPDATE order_info SET create_time = NOW();
- 尝试解决问题
SELECT
cr.id,
cr.real_name,
oi.industry,
oi.nature_tax
FROM
customer AS cr
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT a.industry, a.nature_tax, a.customer_id, a.create_time FROM order_info AS a
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT MAX(create_time) AS create_time, customer_id FROM order_info GROUP BY customer_id
) AS b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
WHERE a.create_time = b.create_time
) AS oi ON oi.customer_id = cr.id
GROUP BY cr.id;
数据重复嘛,小意思,加个 GROUP BY 不就解决了吗?我怎么会这么机智,哈哈哈!!!但是当我执行完SQL的那一瞬间,我又懵逼了,查询出来的结果中 所属行业,纳税性质 仍然不是最新的;看来是我想太多了,还是老老实实的解决问题吧。。。
- 找出重复数据
SELECT
cr.id,
cr.real_name,
oi.industry,
oi.nature_tax
FROM
customer AS cr
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT a.industry, a.nature_tax, a.customer_id, a.create_time FROM order_info AS a
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT MAX(create_time) AS create_time, customer_id FROM order_info GROUP BY customer_id
) AS b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
WHERE a.create_time = b.create_time
) AS oi ON oi.customer_id = cr.id
GROUP BY cr.id HAVING COUNT(cr.id) >= 2;
- 执行结果如下:
+---------------------+-----------+------------+------------+
| id | real_name | industry | nature_tax |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+------------+
| 7717194510959685632 | 张三 | 餐饮酒店类 | 小规模 |
| 7718605481599623168 | 李四 | 高新技术 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7720804666226278400 | 王五 | 商贸 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7720882041353961472 | 刘六 | 餐饮酒店类 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722233303626055680 | 宝宝 | 高新技术 | 小规模 |
| 7722233895811448832 | 小宝 | 服务类 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722234507982700544 | 大宝 | 高新技术 | 小规模 |
| 7722234927631204352 | 二宝 | 文化体育 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722235550724423680 | 小贱 | 高新技术 | 小规模 |
| 7722235921488314368 | 小明 | 科技 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722238233975881728 | 小黑 | 高新技术 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722246644138409984 | 小红 | 进出口 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722318634321346560 | 阿狗 | 教育咨询 | 一般纳税人 |
| 7722318674321346586 | 阿娇 | 生产类 | 小规模 |
| 7722318974421546780 | 阿猫 | 农业 | 一般纳税人 |
+---------------------+-----------+------------+------------+
15 rows in set (0.00 sec)
看到数据的那一瞬间,我懵逼了!这么多重复的,是怎么造成的?直到我看了order_info表的数据之后,瞬间恍然大悟了;原来是create_time的数据重复了,好吧,我又粗心大意了一会;后来想了下,决定用order_info表的ID来做,问题完美解决;顺便说下,我们的ID是由程序自动生成【Twitter的雪花算法(snowflake)自增ID】,依次递增的,所以不用担心取到的数据不是最新的问题;
- 解决问题
温馨提示:要看到正确的数据,请从新初始化一下order_info这张表,因为为了复现数据重复问题,我把order_info表所有的数据的create_time改成一样的了;
SELECT
cr.id,
cr.real_name,
oi.industry,
oi.nature_tax
FROM
customer AS cr
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT a.industry, a.nature_tax, a.customer_id, a.create_time FROM order_info AS a
LEFT JOIN (
SELECT MAX(id) AS id, customer_id FROM order_info GROUP BY customer_id
) AS b ON a.customer_id = b.customer_id
WHERE a.id = b.id
) AS oi ON oi.customer_id = cr.id;
哎,终于解决了。。。
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